Shale gas is natural gas that is found trapped within shale formations. Because it requires 4 technologies only recently combined to make gas production from impermeable shales technically and economically feasible. The housing market impacts of shale gas development. Tamest report on shale oil and gas development in texas. This paper responds to these needs by describing the importance of shale gas in meeting the future energy needs of the united states u. The economics of shale gas development resources for the future. An assessment of 7 shale formations in 41 countries outside the united states.
The housing market impacts of shale gas development by lucija muehlenbachs, elisheba spiller, and christopher timmins using data from pennsylvania and an array of empirical techniques to control for confounding factors, we recover hedonic estimates of property value impacts from nearby shale gas development that vary. Department of energy, nation al energy technology laboratory, usa 1. What experts say about the environmental risks of shale. To date, almost all shale gas production in the world has occurred in the usa, a condition likely to continue for at least another decade. As evidence of the success in producing gas from shales, in 2008, the barnett shale became the largest gasproducing play or formation in the us, contributing 7% of all the natural gas produced in the contiguous 48 states for that year. Development of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing is crucial for economic production of shale gas reservoirs, but it must be performed with caution and as a multidisciplinary approach. Development, technology, and policy issues congressional research service 2 gas shale development takes place on both private and state lands.
For gas generated by oil shale pyrolysis and also referred as shale gas, see oil shale gas. Introduction although natural gas has been obtained from or ganicrich shales in the united states since the first commercial gas well was produced in 1821 to provide gas light to four commercial. Shale gas in the united states is an available source of natural gas. Risks and risk governance in shale gas development is the summary of two workshops convened in may and august 20 by the national research councils board on environmental change and society to consider and assess claims about the levels and types of risk posed by shale gas development and about the adequacy of existing governance procedures. In march 2011, after just three years of development, the prolific. Pdf impact of shale gas development on regional water quality. What experts say about the environmental risks of shale gas. It is concentrated in the initial 9 23 years of the development cycle, but is undertaken throughout the life of the development to 10 inform the location of additional drilling and production operations. As of 20, the us, canada, and china are the only countries producing shale gas in commercial quantities. Technically recoverable shale oil and shale gas resources 6. Shale gas and the environment carnegie mellon university.
Due to concerns raised by the popular press, we consider 18 di. Shale gas resources are becoming an important energy source for meeting rising energy demand over the next few decades. Shale gas development in the united states daniel j. Glenna we study changes in farming in the marcellus region associated with unconventional natural gas drilling activity. Because shale gas development in the united states is occurring in areas that have not previously experienced oil and gas production, the gwpc has recognized a need for credible, factual information on shale gas resources, technologies for developing these resources, the regulatory framework under which. United states in the gas shale development, technical cooperation, research and other aspects of a variety of forms of cooperation. Chemistry and engineering of shale gas and tight oil resource. Department of energy doe announces the release of modern shale gas development in the united states. Environmental impacts of hydraulic fracturing in shale gas.
Shale gas shale oil gboe gboe poland 25 3,3 france 23 4,7 romania 9 0,3 denmark 5 0 uk 4 0,7 netherlands 4 2,9 others 9 1 total 80 12,9 country. Water availability and shale gas development in sichuan basin. Shale gas and its implications for africa and the african. Although interest in chinas shale gas development is growing, the nexus between water availability and regional shale gas development is rarely studied.
Is shale gas development regulated at the federal, state or local level. Degree of shale gas development in the united states is more mature than in china, and the promotion of its shale gas mining technology re lies mainly on small and medium sized companies. The successful pilot testing of firstever shale gas on surface will put india on shale gas map of the world. We describe the economic benefits of the shale gas boom, including direct market. Rapid development of marcellus shale since 2005 resulted in more than 12,000 well permits, with more than 6000 wells drilled and 3500 producing gas through. Despite investing in unconventional blocks to boost production, shale gas development is still in its infancy, and the country will need to import gas for the next 510 years. This is very important, as the potential for shale gas development. Public discourse suggests a lack of consensus in the united states regarding the environmental impacts of shale gas development. The rapid rise of shale gas development through horizontal drilling and high volume hydraulic fracturing has expanded the extraction of hydrocarbon resources in the u. The assessment of the impact of shale gas development on employment is supported by benchmarks from the us shale. Shale formations were excluded from the analysis if one of the following conditions is true. Olmstead abstract in the past decade, innovations in hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling have fueled a boom in the production of natural gas as well as. The study objective was to quantify net water use for shalegas production using data from texas, which is the dominant producer of shale gas in the u. Newly available shale gas has reduced the cost of electricity and heating and replaced coal, but public fears about the environment threaten to curtail those gains.
Development opportunities and challenges nae website. In order to fill this gap, this thesis examines possible links between water availability and shale gas development in sichuan basin by projecting baseline water stress and. Chemistry and engineering of shale gas and tight oil. In texas, where similar gas shale development takes place, the rates are generally higher. Olmstead abstract in the past decade, innovations in hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling have fueled a boom in the production of natural gas as well as oil from geological formationsprimarily deep shalesin. Download a pdf of chemistry and engineering of shale gas and tight oil resource development by the national academies of sciences, engineering, and medicine for free. Texas rrc modern shale gas development in the united states. This contrasts with a conventional gas reservoir produced from sands and carbonates such as. Shale gas development in the united states shale formations across the u.
The primer provides regulators, policy makers, and the public with an objective source of information on the technology advances and challenges that accompany deep. As natural gas is increasingly used to generate electricity, heat our homes and power our transportation, air quality has improved dramatically. Soeder and others published shale gas development in the united states find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. There are few incentives for developing shale gas, and unclear exploitation rights where site boundaries conflict with conventional oil and gas operators. Oil and gas development, whether conventional or shale oil and gas, pose. Limiting the environmental impacts of shale gas development development of shale gas resources is a largescale industrial process that involves drilling tens of. The regulation of shale gas is an evolving landscape as the industry has developed so. The very rapid development of shale gas production in the united states during the past few years, made possible by technological advances, has raised the possibility that shale gas deposits in other countries exist and may be commercially viable. Pdf impact of shale gas development on regional water. In order to fill this gap, this thesis examines possible links between water availability and shale gas development in sichuan basin by.
Comparative study and analysis of the development of shale. Shale gas development beneath publiclyowned streambeds authority section 302a of the conservation and natural resources act, 71 p. Shalegas production using hydraulic fracturing of mostly horizontal wells has led to considerable controversy over waterresource and environmental impacts. Actual estimates vary, and some believe that that the shale gas boom may become a bust, iii but a 2012 study funded by industry and conducted by ihs global insight illustrates. Horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing make the extraction of tightly bound natural gas from shale formations economically feasible. Access to a safe, reliable source of drinking water is an important determinant of a propertys value. Rapid development of marcellus shale since 2005 resulted in more than 12,000 well permits, with more than.
Permeability refers to the capacity of a porous, sediment, soil or rock in this case to transmit a fluid. Austin, tx, june 19, 2017tamest development of shale oil and gas has fundamentally changed the energy sector. Shale gas has become an increasingly important source of natural gas in the united states since the start of this century, and interest has spread to potential gas shales in the rest of the world. Apr 14, 2014 most of the wastewater associated with shale gas development is flowback from the shale formation after hydraulic fracturing operations. Soeder and others published shale gas development in the united states find, read and cite all the. Development of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing is crucial for economic production of shale gas reservoirs, but it must be performed with. The rise of shale gas development has triggered an intense public debate regarding the potential environmental and human health effects from hydraulic fracturing. As evidence of the success in producing gas from shales, in 2008, the barnett shale became the largest gas producing play or formation in the us, contributing 7% of all the natural gas produced in the contiguous 48 states for that year. Shale gas and its implications for africa and the african development bank. Royalty rates, rents, and signing bonuses paid to state and private landowners vary. Additionally, as shale gas production continues to grow, energyrelated co2 emissions have also. China national petroleum corporation, chinas natural gas demand and cnpcs natural gas. Technically recoverable shale oil and shale gas resources.
The academy of medicine, engineering and science of texas tamest convenes top state researchers to author report on best science available on environmental and community impacts of shale development. Robert w howarth department of ecology and environmental biology, cornell university, e309 corson hall, ithaca. Texas rrc modern shale gas development in the united. These technologies are not free from environmental risks, however, especially those. Potential bowland basin shale gas development economic. Largely due to shale gas discoveries, estimated reserves of natural gas in. Methane emissions and climatic warming risk from hydraulic fracturing and shale gas development. In this regard, important developments have occurred in the united states of america since the mid2000s. The potential economic and energy security opportunities of a medium to large shale gas resource could be substantial for south africa. Resource categories when considering the market implications of abundant shale resources, it is important to distinguish between a. At a minimum there are eight federal environmental and public health laws that apply to unconventional oil and gas development, which includes shale resources. Water availability and shale gas development in sichuan. Shale oil and gas research institute, peking university, beijing 100871, china abstract. Through comprehensive investigation of the environmental issues in shale gas development in the us, the environmental impacts of hydraulic fracturing in shale gas development are summarized to provide reference for the shale gas development and management in china.
Unconventional natural gas resources offer an opportunity to access a relatively clean fossil fuel that could potentially lead to energy independence for some countries. Shale gas formations are unconventional reservoirs i. Although a late developer, the changing dynamics of both domestic and international gas markets have significantly improved shale gas opportunities. Marcellus shale gas development and farming kyle a. Co2 emissions are at a 20year low thanks to expanded use of natural gas. Methane emissions and climatic warming risk from hydraulic. Toward a better understanding and quantification of. Newly available shale gas has reduced the cost of electricity and heating and replaced coal, but public fears about the environment threaten to. Konschnik policy director, environmental law program harvard law school 6 everett street cambridge, massachusetts 028, united states mark k. Most of the wastewater associated with shale gas development is flowback from the shale formation after hydraulic fracturing operations. Development of shale gas outside the us has arguably been disappointing to date and the same issues including regulatory obstacles, infrastructure, logistics and skills challenges may also influence the pace at which shale oil opportunities are pursued outside the us. This period has been mainly referred to as the shale gas boom or revolution and the growth of natural gas production in the united states through shale gas extraction has led. The gas reserve spread over 12,000 square km in the durgapur ranigunj area is the worlds third shale gas find. According to ihs 2012, unconventional oil and gas development in the unit.
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